雁塔区近期逮捕通告范文通用 雁塔区近期逮捕通告范文通用名单(8篇)

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在日常学习、工作或生活中,大家总少不了接触作文或者范文吧,通过文章可以把我们那些零零散散的思想,聚集在一块。范文书写有哪些要求呢?我们怎样才能写好一篇范文呢?以下是小编为大家收集的优秀范文,欢迎大家分享阅读。

最新雁塔区近期逮捕通告范文通用一

大理有悠久的历史灿烂的文化,素有“文献名邦”之称,大理是白族的聚居地,四千多年前,白族先民就在洱海地区繁衍生息,汉代设县后同中原交往沟通,成为了中央王朝与缅甸、印度交通的中转站。大理自古以来就是云南的交通要塞,历史上南方丝绸之路和茶马古道就在这里交汇。导游工具

唐宋时期,南诏、大理国在此建都立国,大理作为南诏国、大理国的都城达五百年之久,与中原文化交流频繁,建寺筑塔,刻石立碑,人文昌盛;大理崇圣寺三塔、弘圣寺塔、佛图寺塔、苍山神祠、感通寺、德化碑等至今保存完好。今天,我们将要游览的是全国重点文物保护单位,享誉海内外的大理崇圣寺三塔。

各位朋友,现在我们即将到达大理崇圣寺三塔,它是大理乃至云南的标志,国内外享有很高的知名度,是大理重要的旅游景点。

首先,向各位介绍下崇圣寺,崇圣寺位于大理古城西北约1.5公里的苍山应乐峰下。一般认为是南诏国第十代王劝丰佑时所建,时为南诏后期。崇圣寺规模宏大,据文献资料记载崇圣寺“基方7里,为屋890间,佛11400尊,用铜40550斛(hu)”,有“三阁、七楼、九殿、百厦”的规模。南诏之后的大理国,佛教更为发展,有“佛国”、“妙香国”之称,而崇圣寺有“佛都”之称,曾有九位大理国国王逊位后出家为僧,在此修行。崇圣寺建成之后便成为了南诏国和大理国时期的佛教活动的中心,到了大理国时期成为著名的皇家寺院。崇圣寺所崇的圣为:观音,因为当时大理地区盛行观音崇拜。崇圣寺三塔、南诏建极大钟、雨铜观音、证道歌碑和佛都匾、三圣金像被视为崇圣寺的五大重器。只可惜,崇圣寺会遇明朝正德年间的大理大地震,幸运的是三塔犹存。

我们今天所见到的崇圣寺,是在原来的基础上恢复重建的。恢复重建后,整体布局为主次三轴线,分8台、9进、11层次。在主中轴线上,依次建有蛮王礼佛图、十六国王众朝大事石雕照壁、大鹏金翅鸟、山门、天王殿、望海楼等,中轴线两旁和次轴线上错落有致的建有:方丈堂、客堂、罗汉堂、祖师殿等展示了历代经典建筑的精华。整个建筑群跌宕起伏,错落有致,金碧辉煌,大气磅礴。

三塔是崇圣寺前的一组建筑群,所以三塔又名三塔寺,也就是我国明代旅行家徐霞客在《滇游日记》中所写的三塔寺和现代武侠小说大师金庸在《天龙八部》中所写的“天龙寺”。三塔在《徐霞客游记》中记载:“寺在第十峰之下,唐开元中建,名崇圣。寺前三塔鼎立,而中塔最高,形方,累十二层,故今名为三塔。”

崇圣寺三塔,由一大二小组成。大塔又叫千寻塔,千寻塔与南北两个小塔的距离都是70米,两小塔相距97.5米,成鼎足之势,布局统一,造型和谐,浑然一体。

千寻塔高69.13米,为方形密檐式空心砖塔,属于典型的唐代建筑风格,形状与西安小雁塔相似。千寻塔一共有16层,塔顶四角各有一只铜铸的金鹏鸟。塔身内壁垂直贯通上下,设有木质楼梯,可以登上塔顶从瞭望小孔中欣赏大理古城全貌。千寻塔矗立在两层高大的台基上,塔前朝东的照壁上各位所见的“永镇山川”这四个苍劲有力的石刻汉字,每个字高达1.7米,原为明黔国公沐英之孙沐世阶所写。1920xx年大理地震时,除了“川”外,其余三字被毁坏,现在各位所看到的是按沐世阶所书勾勒补刻的。之所以写这四个字,原因有两种说法:一种说法是大理地区历史上水患多,恶龙作怪,因此要治水就要先治龙,可龙唯独只尊敬塔,畏惧大鹏,因此只要塔和塔上的大鹏金翅鸟存在,龙就不敢作恶,水患当然也就减少了。另一种说法是,明朝时,地处边疆的大理地区已成为其版图的一部分,为了充分表达对这块版图的坚守之意,在屹立不倒的塔基上“题字刻碑”就再合适不过了。

南北两座小塔的高度相同,都是42.19米,各有10层,是一对八角形密檐式砖塔,八层以上为实心,八层以下则为空心,塔顶各有三只铜葫芦,华贵庄重。外观轮廓线像锥形,属典型的宋代建筑风格。根据相关史料推断,南北小塔的建造晚于千寻塔,是大理国段正严、段正兴时期。现在我们看到的两座小塔已经偏离了垂直线,出现了令人担忧的倾斜状态,但是各位不用担心,因为它们就这样已经倾斜了四百多年了。 导游工具

崇圣寺三塔,从修建至今,除经历上千年风吹雨打和日晒之外,还经历过30次的强地震的考验。其中,明朝正德年间的大地震,大理古城房屋绝大部分倒塌,千寻塔也折裂如破竹,可十天后竟然奇迹般的自行复合如初。1920xx年的大地震,城乡房屋倒塌达99%,科千寻塔只是震落了顶上的宝刹,这对于没有石基而直接在土基上修建的三塔来说无疑是又一个奇迹。 崇圣寺三塔作为中国南方最古老、最雄伟的建筑之一,是大理白族文化的象征,是云南古代历史文化的象征。三塔浑然一体,气势雄伟,具有古朴的民族风格。千余年来,三塔几经沧桑,经历风雨的剥蚀和多次强烈的地震仍然巍然屹立,显示了我国古代劳动人民的智慧,具有很高的历史、科学和艺术价值,是研究古代建筑和历史的重要实物资料。1961年被国务院公布为首批全国重点文物保护单位,20xx年被评为全国四a级旅游区,是历史文化名城,中国优秀旅游城市大理的标志和象征,国家级旅游风景名胜区大理的重要人文景观。

各位朋友,我们进入了大理崇圣寺三塔大门,参观了“永镇山川”的巍巍三塔,继续往里走就是钟楼。南诏建极大钟铸于南诏建极十二年,故名南诏建极大钟。徐霞客曾在《游滇日记》中写道:“钟极大,径可丈余,而厚及尺,其声可八十里。”因而“钟震佛都”曾成为大理著名的十六景之一。建极大钟毁于清咸丰同治年间。我们看见的重铸的建极大钟,高3.86米,直径2.138米,重16.295吨。是目前中国第四大钟,云南第一大钟。此钟的重建安装在1997年香港回归祖国之日,在恢复“钟震佛都”胜境的时候,也有警示之意。

各位朋友,我们参观拥有云南第一大钟的建极钟楼后,沿着宽阔的通道,登上数十级台阶,就迈入了雄伟的雨铜观音殿。

雨铜观音铸于南诏中兴二年,即公元899年。传说当时大理崇圣寺有一位高僧曾发誓终身募化铸一铜观音像,当铸到观音像的肩部时,所准备的铜已经用尽,正在万般无奈的时候,恰好此时天降铜雨,满地铜珠,,用来铸像,不多不少。于是取名为“雨铜观音”。雨铜观音像高24尺,与三塔和建极大钟,共为崇圣寺五大重器中最重要的三大重器之一。雨铜观音毁于十年文革,如今所看到的雨铜观音殿是在原址上扩大重建的,殿高29.99米,占地面积8100平方米,建筑面积4384平方米,是三塔文物景区的又一个重要景点,于1999年建成,是云南省迎接世博会的精品工程。现在重铸的观音像是根据清末遗存照片精心复制的,在雨铜观音与左右两边的四位观音【水月观音、阿嵯(cuo)耶观音、男身梵僧观音、负石观音】全都铸造的栩栩如生,惟妙惟肖。

我们登上雨铜观音殿二楼,展现在我们面前的是两幅稀世画卷,分别是《南诏国史图传》和《张胜温画梵像卷》。

《南诏国史图传》成画于公元899年,为南诏国官员张顺和王奉宗所绘,献给南诏国最后一个王:舜化贞。原画为纸本彩绘,长580.2厘米,宽31.5厘米。画卷分为三个部分:巍山起因、祭铁柱、西饵河记,是研究南诏历史、宗教、民俗的珍贵资料。

《张胜温画梵像》又称为《大理国梵像卷》。成画于公元1180年,由大理国绘工张胜温所绘,这幅画卷在云南艺术史上地位极高,有“北有《清明上河图》,南有《张胜温画梵像卷》”的评价,长期以来一直被美誉为“南北双骄”。 导游工具

各位朋友,现在我们将结束崇圣寺三塔的游览,由于时间的关系,我们只是粗略的游览它的一部分。如果有时间,各位再次来到大理旅游,我将竭诚为您服务。谢谢大家~

最新雁塔区近期逮捕通告范文通用二

各位游客:

大家好,我叫李子涵,大家能够叫我李导,很荣幸当你们的导游。我们将要游览的是小雁塔。小雁塔是中国早期方形密檐式砖塔的典型作品,原有15层,现存13层,高43.4米,塔形秀丽,是唐代佛教建筑艺术遗产,佛教传入中原地区并融入汉族文化的标志性建筑。

小雁塔与大雁塔东西相向,是唐代京师长安保留至今的两处重要地标。小雁塔在唐、宋朝时期一直叫“荐福寺塔”,“小雁塔”之名和“大雁塔”有关。

唐高宗永徽三年(652年),朝廷资助在长安大慈恩寺西院建造用于安置玄奘由印度带回经籍的佛塔,此塔名雁塔。唐中宗景龙元年(720xx年),由皇宫中的宫人集资、著名的道岸律师在荐福寺主持营造了一座较小的佛塔。后来,为了区别两塔,慈恩寺塔名为“大雁塔”,而荐福寺塔外形似雁塔又小于大雁塔,故名“小雁塔”,一直流传至今。

小雁塔建于唐中宗景猪年间(720xx年—720xx年),是为了存放唐代高僧义净从天竺带回来的佛教经卷、佛图等而建。小雁塔所在塔院是荐福寺的一部分,不过塔院并不在当时的荐福寺内,而是与寺门相对。塔院位于安仁坊,与位于开化坊的荐福寺门隔街相望。唐末战乱,荐福寺屡遭破坏,寺院毁废,只有小雁塔得以保存。

宋哲宗元祐年间(1086年—1094年)的文献记载,当时的荐福寺已从最初的开化坊迁入了安仁坊的塔院内,与小雁塔成为整体。宋徽宗政和六年(1120xx年),一位自称“山谷迂叟”的信士发愿修缮小雁塔,将风化严重的塔檐、塔角修好,以白土粉饰,至今塔身可见白土粉刷的痕迹。

小雁塔第一层塔身南北开辟门洞,以供出入,南北门框均以青石做成,石质门楣上线刻供养天人和蔓草、祥云、迦陵频伽等具典型佛教寓意的装饰图案,反映了初唐时期的艺术风格。飞天原是古印度神话中的歌舞神和娱乐神,后被佛教吸收于天龙八部众神之内,成为佛教中常见的装饰题材。

祥云纹样是仙界、理想和现实结合的浪漫主义产物,是古代纹饰的审美特征;迦陵频伽,佛教又称“妙音鸟”,声音美妙动听,婉转如歌,在佛教经典中,常以其鸣声譬喻佛菩萨之妙音。

这些与佛教内容密切关联的装饰纹样,刻工精细,线条流畅,以跳动的回转曲线作为纹样的基本构成,把外来的题材嵌入到中国传统的审美观念中,使之融合并逐渐成为中国传统纹样的重要组成部分,这些装饰纹样亦是小雁塔遗产区丝路文化特征的体现之一。

原来在小雁塔底层环绕塔身有砖木结构的大檐棚,被称为“缠腰”。在金、元交战的年代“缠腰”毁没。

明、清两朝对荐福寺和小雁塔进行过多次修缮。明代曾有五次大规模的整修,基本上保留先有的格局。明宣宗宣德元年(1420xx年),陕西西宁卫弘觉寺番僧勺思吉蒙钦锡度牒,到荐福寺住坐,见这里殿堂荒废,遂发愿重修。明英宗正统十四年(1449年)大修竣工后,向朝廷乞赐寺名。“敕赐荐福寺”匾额就是明英宗的御笔。明宪宗成化末年(1487年),西安地区发生地震,小雁塔的塔身震裂。后来重修时在塔的底部砌了一层包砖,但没有修复塔身的裂缝(至1965年经过一次整修,才修复了地震震裂的裂缝)。小雁塔原有15层,明世宗嘉靖三十四年(1556年),遇到华县大地震时塔顶两层被震毁,现存13层。

清朝时荐福寺又多次修缮,以康熙三十一年(1692年)的整修规模最大。晚清时期还建造了藏经楼和南山门等。

辛亥革命以后,1920xx年~1949年5月荐福寺长期被军队占驻。小雁塔还曾成为军事指挥部。到国民d军队撤离西安后,小雁塔的地宫已填满了垃圾。

1958年后文物部门接管荐福寺,开始了对荐福寺和小雁塔的修复。

最新雁塔区近期逮捕通告范文通用三

到西安游览时,您一定想去看看大雁塔二这座唐代古塔是古城西安的独特标志,古人曾留下驱山晚照光明显,雁塔晨钟在城南的诗句。作为关中八景之一的大雁塔高高耸立在西安市南郊慈恩寺内,市中心约4公里,是我国的佛教名塔之一。

大雁塔前身是著名的慈恩寺。慈恩寺初名无漏寺,到了唐贞观二十二年(公元648年)高宗李治做太子时,为追念死去的母亲长孙皇后的恩德,下令在长安晋昌坊建造寺院,敕赐慈恩。它北面正对大明宫含元殿,占地26570平方米,周边风景优美,为唐都长安最宏伟、最壮观之佛教寺院。下面,请大家随我一起走进慈恩寺和大雁塔游览一番。

各位游客,慈恩寺是皇家主持建造的寺院,具有其他寺院望尘莫及的显赫地位和宏大规模。这座寺院当年由13座庭院组成,面积达34o亩,是现在寺院面积的7倍。其建筑富丽堂皇,装饰华丽富贵。慈恩寺现有面积32314平方米,约合48.5亩。

我们先来看寺院山门前这对威武的石狮子。说来也怪,一般外域传入我国的东西,总是先传入实物,而后才有根据实物创作的艺术品。而狮子落户我国,却例外地先传人狮子石刻艺术品,而后才有真狮子的出现。大家知道狮子是在东汉年间由波斯引入我国的,石狮子则是与佛教同时在两汉之际已自印度传入我国。狮子有护法避邪的作用,佛教认为佛为人中狮子,所以佛台前常刻有狮子,称护法狮子。慈恩寺大门口,有4尊石狮对称地雄踞左右,里边靠近大门的两尊,不清楚雕造于何年何时。东侧是雄狮,在戏弄脚下绣球。西侧是雌狮,脚边有一对小狮,称为母子狮。看来这些狮子也按照人们的习惯,以男左女右的序列摆放了。靠外边的两尊狮子,东侧一尊是清乾隆五十年(公元1785年)雕造,西侧一尊是民国20xx年(公元1930年)雕造。这两对石狮高度在1.7米以上,每尊重量至少也在250公斤以上。奇怪的是这两尊八面威风石制实心的庞然大物,即使用手轻轻地拍打,也会发出似铜非钢的金属声,清脆悦耳,十分动听。各位游客,您能猜出这是什么原因吗?

走进寺院是两座小楼,东边是钟楼,里边悬挂有明代嘉靖年间铸造的一口铁钟,重15吨。西边是鼓楼,楼里存有一面大鼓。长久以来,人们都把雁塔晨钟作为关中八景之一,广为流传。但以往人们都以为雁塔晨钟是指西安小雁塔的钟,其实此景指的是大雁塔,因为大雁塔这口钟重3万斤,是在大慈恩寺内于明嘉靖二十七年(公元1548年)十月铸造的,比小雁塔那口钟搬入寺内的时间早100多年,上面还铸有雁塔晨钟铭文。

众所周知,一般寺庙都有大雄宝殿,慈恩寺也一样。它的大雄宝殿位于寺院中心高台上,初建于明天顺二年(公元1458年)至成化二年(公元1466年),清光绪十三年(公元1887年)曾予大修。大殿上面三座塑像是释迎牟尼三身像。中间的叫法身像,西边的叫报身像,东边的叫应身像。释迎牟尼为佛教始祖,原是古印度迎毗罗卫国的王子,生于公元前565年,死于公元前486年,大约与孔子同时代。三身佛东侧立有释迦牟尼的十大弟子之一迎叶;西侧立有其堂弟阿难,他待从释迦牟尼20xx年,也是十大弟子之一。两侧是十八罗汉和玄奘塑像。

大雄宝殿后是藏经楼,存有《藏文大藏经》等重要经典。楼下是讲堂,为佛教徒讲经说法之处,供奉阿弥陀佛铜像一尊,高1米多。殿内珍藏玄奘亲手供奉的佛座一件,还有唐代青响石四大天王像座一块。此石为蓝田玉山所产青石,敲之锵锵有声,清脆悦耳。

各位游客,我们走出藏经楼,就能看到壮观雄伟的大雁塔。看到这座唐代建筑,你们一定会又感叹又好奇吧?首先一个问题就是此塔为何要以大雁命名呢?

按照印度佛教传说,当初佛教有大乘与小乘两派,小乘佛教不忌荤腥。有一天,正是菩萨布施日,一座小乘寺院的和尚却买不到肉下饭。这时天空中一群大雁飞过,一个和尚望着雁群自言自语:今日增房无肉吃,大慈大悲的菩萨一定不会忘记这是什么日子。话音未落,领头的大雁便折翅坠地。于是全寺和尚大惊失色,认为这定是菩萨显灵。他们就在大雁坠地处建造石塔,并戒绝荤腥,改信大乘佛教。因此,佛塔又称大雁塔。

到了大雁塔,人们自然会想起唐代名僧玄奘,他是慈恩寺内的第一任住持方丈。相传唐永徽三年(公元652年),著名高僧玄奘大师为安置他从西域带回来的经书、佛像、舍利,奏请高宗允许,在慈恩寺西院,敕建了大雁塔。当年三月动工,玄奘亲自监造,一年建成。

各位游客,大家一定看过中国四大名著之一的《西游记》及据此改编的同名电视连续剧,那么《西游记》里的唐僧是否就是唐代这位著名和尚玄奘呢?玄奘法师俗姓陈,13岁在洛阳出家为增,勤奋好学,在国内各地访师问学后,决意到佛教发源地印度去探索佛教的精蕴。玄奘于唐贞观三年(公元620xx年)从长安出发,沿着丝绸之路,穿越上天飞鸟、下无走兽的戈壁沙漠,西行直至天竺,贞观十九年(公元645年)学成后返回长安,历时20xx年,行程5万公里,经100多个国家和地区,取回佛经657部,并在印度获得极高地位,备受尊崇。回国后,在唐皇室的支持下,他集中各地博学高僧,组成规模空前的佛经译物场,并亲自任译主。翻译的佛经无论从质量或数量上都远远超过前人,开创了我国翻译史上的新时期,共译著佛经75部1335卷,撰写了《大唐西域记》,受到各国学者的重视。应该说《西游记》是以唐代玄类西出取经为背景而写成的,但故事里的唐僧不全指玄奘,而是一个经过艺术化的文学作品里的人物。

最新雁塔区近期逮捕通告范文通用四

雁塔广场位于著名的大雁塔脚下,建成后得到专家与广大市民的一致赞誉,成为西安百姓宜赏宜聚,观光休闲的一处文化旅游胜景。国学大师霍松林教授游览后欣然题诗:“水木清华楼殿新,繁花似锦草如茵。广场兼具园林美,览胜休闲乐万民。”

整个广场分为以下几个部分:

北广场:规模宏大,主题景观为水景喷泉,整个广场以大雁塔为中心轴三等分,中央为主景水道,左右两侧分置“唐诗园林区”、“法相花坛区”、“禅修林树区”等景观,南端设置有观景平台,周围有旅游商贸设施。音乐喷泉位于广场中轴线上,南北最长约350米,东西最宽处110米,分为百米瀑布水池、八级叠水池及前端音乐水池三个区域,表演时喷泉样式多变,夜晚在灯光的映照下更显多姿。围绕喷泉有还不少细致的小景观,如北广场入口处的大唐盛世书卷铜雕,其后的万佛灯塔和大唐文化柱,旁边的大唐精英人物雕塑群,还有地面铺装的地景浮雕,具有中国美术特色的“诗书画印”雕塑等,甚至灯箱、石栏等建筑上都题有著名诗篇。

东、西步行街:分别位于大慈恩寺东西两侧,通过“百姓祝寿”、“皮影大戏”、“悬壶济世”、“街头胡乐”、“角力争雄”等一系列雕塑小品,把唐朝百姓的市井生活描绘的活灵活现,这些雕塑小品人物细腻逼真,反映出唐朝民众真实的生活场景,体现了盛唐时代社会的繁荣、富强。步行街两旁有很多特色小店与摊点,出售各种特色旅游纪念品。

雁塔西苑:位于北广场西侧,突出园林特色,修整森林树木,铺设石板布道,置放民俗风情浓郁的雕塑小品,整体景观与大雁塔北广场浑然一体,相映成趣。整个西苑突出了公益性和地域文化色彩,以陕西民俗文化为主题,用活灵活现的雕塑艺术形象集中展示陕西关中、渭北高原、陕南、陕北等地具有代表性的民俗风情,如:皮影、剪纸、泥塑、陕西八大怪、农村嫁娶、吹糖人、踩高跷、老城趣事及白鹿原系列等,颇有韵味。

雁塔东苑:位于北广场东侧,是突出陕西地域特色的具有公益性质的文化场所“戏曲大观园”。通过戏曲彩绘雕塑、地方戏曲铸铜浮雕、陕西大戏剧家人物群雕、陕西著名戏曲演员人物群雕等四大类雕塑群,体现出陕西地域文化的特点,展现“大秦腔”的独有魅力。漫步于戏曲大观园内,读脸谱容颜、观名剧雕塑,耳边仿佛传来阵阵鼓乐之声,《五典坡》、《三滴血》、《柜中缘》、《斩李广》等多个秦腔传统剧目组成的雕塑群形象生动逼真,正所谓“忠孝信义雄举,美丑善恶昭彰,世间百态尽在其中”。

雁塔南苑:为园林式的休闲公园,目前仍在建设中。

南广场:建于大慈恩寺前,是对佛文化的阐释,标志性建筑为玄奘立式雕像。周围辅以园林绿地、水面过桥等设施,是市民休闲放松的常去之处。

最新雁塔区近期逮捕通告范文通用五

各位游客:

大家好,我叫李子涵,大家能够叫我李导,很荣幸当你们的导游。我们将要游览的是小雁塔。小雁塔是中国早期方形密檐式砖塔的典型作品,原有15层,现存13层,高43.4米,塔形秀丽,是唐代佛教建筑艺术遗产,佛教传入中原地区并融入汉族文化的标志性建筑。

小雁塔与大雁塔东西相向,是唐代京师长安保留至今的两处重要地标。小雁塔在唐、宋朝时期一直叫“荐福寺塔”,“小雁塔”之名和“大雁塔”有关。

唐高宗永徽三年(652年),朝廷资助在长安大慈恩寺西院建造用于安置玄奘由印度带回经籍的佛塔,此塔名雁塔。唐中宗景龙元年(720xx年),由皇宫中的宫人集资、著名的道岸律师在荐福寺主持营造了一座较小的佛塔。后来,为了区别两塔,慈恩寺塔名为“大雁塔”,而荐福寺塔外形似雁塔又小于大雁塔,故名“小雁塔”,一直流传至今。

小雁塔建于唐中宗景猪年间(720xx年—720xx年),是为了存放唐代高僧义净从天竺带回来的佛教经卷、佛图等而建。小雁塔所在塔院是荐福寺的一部分,不过塔院并不在当时的荐福寺内,而是与寺门相对。塔院位于安仁坊,与位于开化坊的荐福寺门隔街相望。唐末战乱,荐福寺屡遭破坏,寺院毁废,只有小雁塔得以保存。

宋哲宗元祐年间(1086年—1094年)的文献记载,当时的荐福寺已从最初的开化坊迁入了安仁坊的塔院内,与小雁塔成为整体。宋徽宗政和六年(1120xx年),一位自称“山谷迂叟”的信士发愿修缮小雁塔,将风化严重的塔檐、塔角修好,以白土粉饰,至今塔身可见白土粉刷的痕迹。

小雁塔第一层塔身南北开辟门洞,以供出入,南北门框均以青石做成,石质门楣上线刻供养天人和蔓草、祥云、迦陵频伽等具典型佛教寓意的装饰图案,反映了初唐时期的艺术风格。飞天原是古印度神话中的歌舞神和娱乐神,后被佛教吸收于天龙八部众神之内,成为佛教中常见的装饰题材。

祥云纹样是仙界、理想和现实结合的浪漫主义产物,是古代纹饰的审美特征;迦陵频伽,佛教又称“妙音鸟”,声音美妙动听,婉转如歌,在佛教经典中,常以其鸣声譬喻佛菩萨之妙音。

这些与佛教内容密切关联的装饰纹样,刻工精细,线条流畅,以跳动的回转曲线作为纹样的基本构成,把外来的题材嵌入到中国传统的审美观念中,使之融合并逐渐成为中国传统纹样的重要组成部分,这些装饰纹样亦是小雁塔遗产区丝路文化特征的体现之一。

原来在小雁塔底层环绕塔身有砖木结构的大檐棚,被称为“缠腰”。在金、元交战的年代“缠腰”毁没。

明、清两朝对荐福寺和小雁塔进行过多次修缮。明代曾有五次大规模的整修,基本上保留先有的格局。明宣宗宣德元年(1420xx年),陕西西宁卫弘觉寺番僧勺思吉蒙钦锡度牒,到荐福寺住坐,见这里殿堂荒废,遂发愿重修。明英宗正统十四年(1449年)大修竣工后,向朝廷乞赐寺名。“敕赐荐福寺”匾额就是明英宗的御笔。明宪宗成化末年(1487年),西安地区发生地震,小雁塔的塔身震裂。后来重修时在塔的底部砌了一层包砖,但没有修复塔身的裂缝(至1965年经过一次整修,才修复了地震震裂的裂缝)。小雁塔原有15层,明世宗嘉靖三十四年(1556年),遇到华县大地震时塔顶两层被震毁,现存13层。

清朝时荐福寺又多次修缮,以康熙三十一年(1692年)的整修规模最大。晚清时期还建造了藏经楼和南山门等。

辛亥革命以后,1920xx年~1949年5月荐福寺长期被军队占驻。小雁塔还曾成为军事指挥部。到国民d军队撤离西安后,小雁塔的地宫已填满了垃圾。

1958年后文物部门接管荐福寺,开始了对荐福寺和小雁塔的修复。

最新雁塔区近期逮捕通告范文通用六

山西的应县木塔,俗称天柱,原名为佛宫寺释迦塔,位于应县城佛宫寺内。

应县木塔浑厚、高大、粗犷,是享有盛名的全国重点文物保护单位之一。

相传,寺内木塔是辽代兴宗皇帝为他心爱的把子观赏美景而修建的,也有的说是兴宗皇帝为让他的王公大臣观战而修建的。木塔建于辽清宁二年(公元1056年),至今已有900多年的历史。它经历多少个暑夏严冬,多少次狂风暴雨,多少次闪电雷鸣,但木塔却安然无恙。据县志记载,辽、金以来,曾先后历经七次大地震,其中最厉害的是元代顺帝时的大地震,地震连续七天,木塔仍巍然不动,足见塔身构件安装合理,制作精细,质地十分坚固。

应县木塔总高67.31米,是国内外现存最古老最高大的木结构建筑。塔平面呈八角形,共九层,其中四层是暗层,外观五层六檐。应县木塔,比北京北海的白塔高出31.41米,比西安的大雁塔高出3.21米。整个塔身,从粗犷中见玲珑,从古朴中见端庄。木塔外观,既无雕梁画栋,又无溢彩流光,然而那巍峨粗壮、拔地擎天的身躯,那结构严谨、交错默契的斗拱,都足以令人目炫动容,赞叹不已。无怪古人在塔上用斗大的字,写成牌匾悬在那里,什么“拱辰”、“挂月”,“天下奇观’、“天柱地轴”,即便用浑朴的壮笔,用最富有感情的语言,也难以倾诉人们胸中的感慨与赞美。

应县木塔底层直径为30米,建在4米高的两层石砌的台基上。内外两槽立柱,构成双层套筒式结构。塔的第一层,用蓝色琉璃瓦镶边,犹如锦上添花。塔的内外两道八角形木结构框架,用大粱和斗拱互相拉结。框架之间不用一个铁钉,全靠斗拱梁架把所有木件构成一个完整的、稳固的整体,这在我国建筑史上可谓是个奇迹。

木塔底层有门朝南,内有木制楼梯,可盘旋而上。木塔外侧有回廊扶栏,登高远眺,大有“欲穷千里目,更上一层楼”之感。

塔顶,八角攒尖式,立有铁刹。仰莲、复钵、相轮、,火焰、仰月、宝瓶、宝珠组成直射蓝天的刹柱,更衬托出木塔雄伟壮观的气魄。

木塔内,明层原来都有塑像,因年久失修,现仅存几尊。其中最引人注目的,是底层高达11米的释迦牟尼坐像。这尊佛像,形体丰盈饱满,神态端庄慈祥,衣纹洗练流畅,仍然保持着辽塑风格。在底层内槽壁面,6幅如来壁画,比例适度,色泽艳丽。加来头顶有飞天壁画,飞天体形丰满,动感强,活泼浪漫,神采飞扬,是壁画中的精品。

传说应县木塔是鲁班爷建造的。

很久以前的一天,鲁班和妹妹从南方来到北方,走到应州地面,看到这荒凉的战场,白骨累累,不是北方的鞑子(对北方少数民族的俗称),从这里杀向关里,就是南方的蛮子(对南方人民的俗称),从这里杀向关外。有时两军就在这金沙滩地面打了起来,经常杀得天昏地暗,血流成河,劳动人民饱受战祸之苦。于是他决定修一座木塔,压一压这里的杀气。

谁知鲁班把这个想法和妹妹说了以后,妹妹不愿意,她说建一座大塔需要多长时间呀?她不愿意在荒凉的地方多呆。鲁班说,用不了多长时间,他一夜便可以建成。妹妹不信,说你这不是说大话,吓唬人。便问,你要建一座多大的塔,有几层?用哪儿的材料?鲁班说:“我要建一座十二层玲珑木塔,就用应州西北黄花梁那片松树林的木材”。妹妹抬头一望,嗬,长满了林木的大山冈,离应城足足有三十里呢!于是便和哥哥打赌说,你能一夜之间造一座木塔,我就能一夜绣十二双绣花鞋,咱看谁完工快。鲁班说,好!一言为定。于是兄妹二人便分头忙了起来。

晚上定更后,鲁班一个人忙了起来,他运用神通,将黄花梁的巨木伐来,将恒山石运来,砌石为基;架梁为拱,到三更天的时候,木塔的工程已经完了一半。谁知鲁班妹妹只顾偷看哥哥建塔,把绣花鞋的事忘了。这时眼看鼓打了三更,便慌了起来,躲在一旁,喔喔地装了几声鸡叫,自己马上掐诀念咒,请来天上七仙女,帮她绣鞋,这样十二双鞋绣完,天已快亮了。再说鲁班,三更时听到鸡叫,以为天快亮了,木塔只建了六层,黄花梁的森林也伐完了。到远处运木材吧,时间来不及了,只好请来天上的瓦仙和他一块干,这上六塔就是砖瓦木混合结构了。到五更时,十二层雄伟的宝塔已经建成,只见玲珑宏敞,蔚然壮观,使鲁班妹妹和七仙女惊叹不已!

妹妹赶快找哥哥,哥哥不见了。原来鲁班到天宫借宝去了。借什么宝?为了使宝塔防水、防火,他特向玉皇大帝借逼水珠和逼火珠。安上了这两颗宝珠,就再也不愁火烧水淹了。正当鲁班借了宝珠往回赶的时候,应县的城隍土地爷起来了,原来这十二层宝塔把他们压得出不上气来,他们乘鲁班不在,镇塔之宝还没安上这空儿,弄来一股妖风,将宝塔上三层一直吹到关外大草原。等鲁班回来时,应州就只剩下九层木塔了。鲁班气得一屁股坐在了桑干河畔,谁知用力过猛,将薛家营村北压了个大坑,就是以后的干海凹(现在薛家营水库)。劳累了一夜,暂时歇歇,将鞋里的土倒倒,就倒了两个大土丘,后来这里的村名叫圪塔。一看鞋也烂了,随手一扔,占了大片地方,后来这个村庄就叫鞋(颉)庄。休息了一会儿,他只好把镇塔之宝安到了这剩下的九层塔里,和妹妹一起离开了应州。

那三层砖塔呢?被一阵妖风吹到了大青山下丰州城(今内蒙古呼和浩特市)。不信你去看看,和应县木塔一模一样,还有点倾斜,塔尖也吹掉了,这是因为没有宝珠的缘故。

应县木塔呢,自从安上了逼水珠、逼火珠后,再也不怕水、火、风等灾害了。要不,哪能近千年安然无恙呢?

应县木塔为天下第一大木塔,关于它的传说优美动听,下面就讲一个“莲花台下八力士”的故事:

木塔底层大门对面有一尊高大的如来像,坐在一个巨大的莲花台上。这个莲花台被八个力士扛着,个个力举千钧,形象生动逼真。

这八个力士本是驻守八个方向的护法天神,乘如来古佛外出讲经说法之机,汇聚一处,私下凡尘。他们八个下了凡间,排山倒海。本来天下三山五岳、五湖四海排列得整整齐齐,像棋子一样,所以有“星罗棋布”一说。八力士下凡以后,随便把山搬来搬去,弄成现在这个样子。天下百姓被他们搅得流离失所,怨声载道。俗话说:“天上一昼夜,人间一百年”,当如来返回西天,这八个力士已经把人间搞得乱七八糟。如来为了降服这八个乱世魔王,摇身变为一个秀才下了凡尘,去寻找那八个力士。

一天,如来终于找到了他们,他们正在一起玩弄几座大山。如来迎面上去施礼道:“八位将军就是天下闻名的大力士,可我不信。我坐在这个莲花台上,看看你们能不能把我抬起来?”八个力士说,哪用八个,两个就行。上去两个力士,莲台丝毫未动;上去四个力士,莲台才过双腿;最后八个力士都上去,才把莲台抬过头顶,抬过头顶可怎么也抬不动了,只听一声“定!”八个力士就变成了现在这个样子,永远抬着莲台。据说谁也离不开谁,其中走一个,另外七个就要被压死。所以,互相瞅着谁也伯谁走了。

最新雁塔区近期逮捕通告范文通用七

大雁塔景区是一处佛教圣地,是国家aaaa级景区,与唐代高僧玄奘法师有密切的关系,唐僧取经译经的故事就发生在这里。所有佛教寺院,都是僧众供佛、礼佛、诵经的道场,而大慈恩寺、大雁塔与其他寺院相比究竟有什么特别之处呢?古今中外和尚如云、高僧无数,那么唐僧玄奘何许人也?唐僧取经的故事为什么广为流传,今天大家参观过这个景区后,就会找到以上问题的答案。相信大家都知道《西游记》唐僧取经的故事吧? 然而在这个景区却没有《西游记》神话中“唐僧师父”,也找不到降妖除魔的“孙悟空、猪八戒和沙和尚”。但你会感受到一个活生生的、真实的唐僧玄奘西天取经故事。要说玄奘何许人?我们说他是一位顶天立地的中国人,是一个具有民族精神和爱国主义情怀的中国人。他又是一个得道的高僧,唐太宗尊称他是“法门之领袖”,唐高宗称他是“真如之冠冕”。

各位游客,我们现在来到了大雁塔南广场。本景区由主景区即大慈恩寺、大雁塔和南北广场、东西两苑组成,占地约500亩。在广场的中央矗立着一尊唐僧玄奘西天取经的高大铜像。只见他气宇轩昂,身披袈裟,手执锡杖,迈着坚定的步伐,好象正奔波在西行取经的路途上。身后就是他开创的慈恩祖庭,是他主持的译经道场大慈恩寺,以及他所修建的大雁塔。

玄奘(602-664年),俗姓陈名祎,河南偃师人,自幼聪慧超群,勤奋好学。13岁被朝廷破格录取,在洛阳净土寺剃度为僧。玄奘先后周游全国十余省,遍访十余位高僧名贤,拜学经典,穷尽各家学说,誉满京师,被誉为“释门伟器和佛门千里驹。” 在全国各地游学后,他回顾佛教传入中国620xx年以来、佛经残缺不全,教义分歧,派别纷争的状况。玄奘在对佛经研习中,对佛经的质疑之处多达百余条。他决意到佛教发源地---天竺国,也就是现今的印度,去探求佛教的精蕴,以解众疑,弘扬佛法。公元620xx年他结伴上表奏请,申请赴印求法,未得到朝廷的批准。其他人纷纷退缩,而他不为所动,矢志不改,并且利用出国之前3年时间,从佛经研究、语言梵文及物质精神等方面作了充分准备。遂违禁出关,即违法偷渡出境,昼伏夜行,只身前往,开始了他西天取经的艰难历程和传奇故事。现在请大家继续参观。

现在我们来到大慈恩寺,寺院的正门称为山门,也叫三门,分别称为空门、无作门、无相门,象征着佛教的三解脱之门。大家看,门上的牌匾是亲自题写的“大慈恩寺”几个金光闪闪的大字。慈恩寺创建于隋开皇九年(公元589年),初名“无漏寺”.公元648年,唐高宗李治作太子时,为其母以追荐冥福修建寺院,故得名“慈恩寺”。寺院虽系太子李治为其母追福而建,也表达了其父唐太宗怀念文德皇后的心愿。唐太宗和文德皇后从小结发,情深意长,13岁即“嫔于太宗”,当时太宗李世民才17岁。太宗即位时,立其为皇后。文德皇后为人贤良正直,顾全大局,严于律已,她为了大唐社稷,力避裙带之嫌,她坚持不愿自己兄弟子侄担任朝廷要职。而对于魏征、房玄龄等忠勇良臣,却全力保谏爱护。皇后的申明大义,正直贤慧,成为大唐贞观盛世的良佐栋梁。在临终遗言时还强调“不可厚葬,俭薄送终”。如此贤淑开朗,确不愧为一位有胆识、有胸怀的女政治家。对文德皇后的去世,太宗十分悲恸,向近臣表白:“朕非不知天命而无益之悲,但入宫不复闻规谏之言,失一良佐,故不能忘怀耳!”所以大慈恩寺的创建,实际是唐太宗父子两代为文德皇后祈福之举,也是唐王朝对一代贤后的纪念。

唐代大慈恩寺位于长安城南晋昌坊东半部,约398亩,总共1897间,僧众300,为长安规模宏伟之佛教寺院之一。在慈恩寺建成之初,朝廷特地迎请从印度取经回到长安、正在弘福寺译经的玄奘担任寺院的上座住持,大慈恩寺遂成为当时中国佛教界的最高学府而辉煌一时。唐末以后因战事不断,寺院逐渐荒芜,经历代多次维修,至公元1446年,才奠定了今日寺院规模。

现在寺院的范围东西阔160米左右,南北长318米左右,共计93亩,该寺院主要建筑,由南向北依次排列着山门、钟鼓楼、东西配殿、法堂藏经楼,大雁塔及玄奘三藏院。东西两侧分别为方丈院、僧院、寺管院、文管院等。

我们大家走进山门,可以看到钟、鼓二楼对峙,东侧钟楼内悬挂有一口铁铸的“雁塔晨钟”。该钟铸造于公元l548年,钟上铸有“雁塔晨钟”4个苍劲的大字,这口雁塔晨钟自造成启用至今天,一直作为大慈恩寺行仪规范,是本寺佛教活动和众僧生活的组成部分。晨钟作为佛教大型法器,是召集众僧进行法事之用。寺院僧人们每天闻钟而起,闻鼓而眠。当拂晓时分,晨钟那洪亮的阵阵钟声划破晨曦朝霞,回绕在西安城南上空,共敲3阵,每阵36响,共鸣108响,表示断除尘世人生108种烦恼,祈祷盛世太平、万民安乐、五谷丰登。

西侧鼓楼悬挂一面大鼓,寺院称为暮鼓,为横置座鼓形式,钟、鼓均为寺院大型法器。东西配殿原为东观音殿,现为客堂,西为地藏殿。

现在我们来到大雄宝殿参观。高台上的大雄宝殿为寺院的中心建筑,大雄宝殿的匾额金光闪闪,系已故中国佛教协会会长赵朴初先生所书。大殿前香火兴旺,大殿内供奉有佛祖三身佛像,中为法身佛毗卢遮那佛,西为法身佛卢舍那佛,东为应身佛释迦牟尼佛。佛像两侧是佛的弟子,东为迦叶,西为阿难,两旁还有普贤菩萨塑像和文殊菩萨像,均为明代雕塑,分别象征真理和智慧。另外东西两厢排列着包括玄奘在内的18尊罗汉像,此种排列是将佛的16位声闻尊者与其说者庆友、译者玄奘共列为18罗汉,为我国18罗汉较早的排列形式,以后还有其它排列形式。罗汉是小乘佛教修行的最高境界,指已消除一切烦恼进入涅槃,不再生死轮回,应受天人供养者。罗汉的三义即为:杀界,就是断绝贪、嗔、痴等一切烦恼;应供。应受外人供养;不生,永远进入涅槃,不再进入生死轮回。在大殿供奉的主尊背后塑有立于大海鳌头之上的南海观音菩萨像及众菩萨、龙女、木叉等150身人物,还有善财童子53参求法学道故事,生动有趣,生动展示出南海之中普陀洛伽山观音菩萨说法道场的蓬莱仙境。

在大雄宝殿西侧墙壁上镶嵌着几通“雁塔题名记”碑,象这样的雁塔题名碑在我景区有几十通。“雁塔题名”始于唐代,指得是在长安考中的状元和进士,齐集大雁塔题名,以及武举在小雁塔题名的文化活动,明嘉靖十九年(1540年)陕西乡试题名碑文就有:“名题雁塔天地间第一流人第一等事也。”唐代诗人白居易在公元820xx年考中进士后赋诗道:“慈恩塔下题名处,十七人中最少年。”一时成为佳话。人称“寒酸孟夫子”的孟郊,在46岁才中进士,他赋诗曰:“昔日龌龊不足夸,今朝放荡思无涯。春风得意马蹄疾,一日看尽长安花。”他登科后“春风得意”的著名诗句,成为脍炙人口的美谈。

在古都长安雁塔题名活动虽延续一千多年,而进士题名仅仅延续到唐末。因为自唐末以后各朝各代,长安城不再是国都京城,陕甘两省乡试举人仿效唐进士雅举在雁塔进行题名活动。在大慈恩寺院内和大雁塔上,至今尚存的明清两朝乡试举人题名碑有73通。另外在荐福寺小雁塔院内至今也保存有明清武举题名碑17通,也称“雁塔题名”。因为在大小雁塔仿效唐人题名于塔壁、颇具唐风遗韵,后来逐渐形成为文题大雁塔、武题小雁塔。这些都是研究我国科学制度的历史资料。

大殿北面为两层高的法堂藏经楼,上层藏有玄奘曾翻译的经卷,下为法堂,供奉着一尊阿弥陀佛像,系明代铜铸鎏金佛像。法堂还陈列着玄奘供奉的佛座、玄奘负笈图及窥基、圆测碑拓画像等。圆测市新罗国王孙,由年出家来到中国后,从学于玄奘门下;窥基是玄奘嫡传弟子,本是开国元勋尉迟恭的侄子,每当出门有三车厢随,故有“三车和尚”的绰号。由此可见玄奘在当时的名声与地位。

现在,大家来到大雁塔脚下,大雁塔原称慈恩寺浮图。玄奘法师为了妥善保存从印度取经带回的大量佛经和佛舍利,于公元652年附图表上奏,经朝廷批准,在本寺西院,建造5层佛塔。每层皆存舍利,共一万余粒。玄奘法师亲自参加建塔劳动,搬运砖石,历时两年才建成。

至于“雁塔”的名称由来,有数种说法。而玄奘自己编撰的《大唐西域记》中所述的佛教故事最为可信。据玄奘的《大唐西域记》记载,佛教在早期分大乘和小乘两宗,大乘戒食肉,小乘不戒。古印度摩揭陀国有一座王舍城,城外帝释山上有一寺院,寺院和尚信奉小乘教,一天,中午将过,众僧饥肠辘辘,午饭尚未着落,甚为埋怨。有一和尚忽见空中群雁飞过,随口出戏言:我等诸僧多日没有吃肉了,若菩萨有灵,应知我们的困境呀!话音刚落,即见头雁退着飞,到了这个僧人前便折断翅膀掉了下来,众僧人大惊,明白是如来设法教育他们,众僧急忙跪拜,并将那只雁葬于院中。上建一塔,取名雁塔,从此归信大乘,不再吃肉。这就是雁塔名称的由来。“雁塔”一词前加一“大”字,一是因塔的建筑宏伟壮丽,二是后建的荐福寺塔也随着称为雁塔,为了区别,遂分别称为大雁塔、小雁塔。玄奘在印度求法时,还专程前往参礼了这座有名的雁塔。

玄奘法师亲自组织建造的这座佛塔,因砖表土心,风雨剥蚀,40多年后逐渐毁坏。武则天长安年间(公元701--720xx年)女皇武则天和王公贵戚施钱重建。遂将大雁塔改建为七层宝塔,人称七级浮图,较前更加庄严雄伟。人们常说得:“救人一命,胜造七级浮图”,概由此而来。

千百年来,大雁塔一直是古城西安的象征和标志性建筑。高耸入云的大雁塔,象征着玄奘法师崇高的人格品质和伟大精神。

大雁塔是典型的仿木构楼阁式砖塔,更以“唐僧取经”故事驰名中外。大雁塔由塔座、塔身、塔刹组成,通高为64.7米,门楣门框上雕刻有唐代线刻画。四门楣分别以流畅生动的阴刻线雕有佛、菩萨、金刚力士画像。特别是西门楣线刻画中,那讲经说法的佛祖,神情端庄慈祥,30尊各路菩萨神态自若、栩栩如生。是今天我们研究唐代建筑、佛教艺术和历史文化的珍贵资料。

在雄伟的大雁塔底层南门洞两侧嵌置着唐太宗所撰“大唐三藏圣教序”碑,和唐高宗作太子时所撰“大唐三藏圣教序记”碑,两通“二圣”丰碑,均由当时的中书令(宰相职)褚遂良所书。像这样两碑碑文和碑额都相对排列,左右对称。镶嵌于佛塔,这是绝无仅有的。碑文下方又雕刻有衣带飘逸,舞姿飞动的舞乐天人,细看“序”碑乐师所执乐器为管乐,而“记”碑乐器为弦乐。如此天乐舞姿,犹如佛国仙境。

有人称雁塔圣教序碑为“二圣三绝碑”。一是二圣御撰——太宗李世民撰《序》,太子李治撰《记》之威名,二是玄奘取经——赞扬玄奘西天取经宣扬佛法之内容,三是大家书法——褚遂良之书法名作,四是立于皇都——长安城内佛门大慈恩寺的庄严神圣之地。所以此碑为国宝中之瑰宝,名碑中更享盛名。

现在,大家来到大雁塔的一层。首先请看两侧墙壁上这两通石碑,一是玄奘负笈图,一是玄奘译经图。这两碑的画面是玄奘法师光辉人生的生动写照。

再看塔柱上悬挂的四幅长联,是由唐太宗、唐高宗和玄奘法师的原话编制而成。

第一幅:摘自唐太宗御制大唐三藏圣教序碑,大意是:玄奘法师称得上是佛教的领袖,他冒着朝廷禁令和生命危险,克服种种艰难险阻而单身独骑远征求法,遍访高师,探询和研究佛经,将这些佛教真理广为弘扬,将与日月同辉,与天地同在。

第二幅:摘自唐高宗御制大慈恩寺碑,大意是:玄奘法师可称得上是佛教的冠冕人物,在取经路途,风餐露宿,他使佛灯高照,使佛教得以弘扬,他代表着一个时代,他超越了西域的佛图澄、鸠摩罗什、竺道生和慧远这样的高僧,玄奘法师的功绩和精神可谓前无古人,后无来者。

第三幅的意思是:奉敕创建大慈恩寺,又奉旨翻译佛经,我真诚地希望佛法慧流弘扬光大,定能够保佑国运长久,圣教得以弘扬,光照中华史册,智慧的情怀天下可鉴,永远映照在弘扬佛法的福田之上。

第四幅的意思是:我们怀着崇敬的心情,修建这一佛塔,以安置从西天带回的佛教三藏经典,雄伟的佛塔愿千佛保佑,同来关注;我们还要树立丰碑,镌刻两位圣上所撰写的珍贵碑文,佛塔圣迹将与天地同在,永远矗立在长安胜地。

现在我们开始向上攀登参观。请大家轻步登塔、注意安全。在各层都有丰富的陈列,分别供奉有明代鎏金佛像、印度佛教高僧赠送的佛祖舍利,陈列有佛足迹碑石,系玄奘晚年刻制供奉的佛足石的复制品,以及玄奘诗词、于右任、齐白石诗词书法作品等。其中第六层悬挂有唐代几位大诗人的诗词书法作品。

公元752年秋天,正值大雁塔创建100周年,诗圣杜甫会同岑参、高适、薛据、储光羲5位大诗人,同登大雁塔,举行了一次别开生面的雁塔诗会。他们凭栏远望,看到古塔巍巍,秋景如画的情景,激发了每个诗人的情怀和诗兴。著名的边塞诗人岑参兴致勃勃呤唱道:“塔势如涌出,孤高耸天宫。登临出世界,蹬道盘虚空。四角碍白日,七层摩苍穹。下窥指高鸟,俯听闻惊风。”大家请杜甫赋诗,只见他情怀澎湃,诗句如潮,一开口就语出惊人,气概不凡,他吟唱道:“高标跨苍穹,烈风无时休。自非旷士怀,登兹翻百忧。七星在北户,河汉声西流。羲和鞭白日,少昊行清秋。秦山忽破碎,泾渭不可求。俯视但一气,焉能辨皇州。”这些诗作都是难得的千古绝唱。

大家登上了佛塔的最高层,真有一种“登临出世界”的出神入化的美妙感受,向四面凭栏远眺,古城的壮丽景色尽收眼底,让人留连忘返。

游客朋友,现在让我们缓步下塔,注意安全。到后面玄奘三藏院继续参观。

现在,大家来到玄奘三藏院的门口。玄奘三藏院是一组仿唐风格建筑群,由中院大遍觉堂、东院般若堂、西院光明堂三院组成,其面积为3224平方米。

如果要问:西安大慈恩寺的镇寺之宝是什么?那就是玄奘法师的顶骨舍利和佛骨舍利,因为玄奘舍利与佛舍利都是极为珍贵的佛教文物。

游客朋友,在玄奘三藏院的大遍觉堂,供奉着玄奘坐像和玄奘大师的一份顶骨舍利。与此同时,玄奘其他灵骨舍利已广布在世界各地,象征着和传播着玄奘精神,将与日月同辉,与天地同在。

玄奘三藏院内有近400平米精美的大型壁画,反映了佛界圣景和玄奘的生平故事。从玄奘出生、出家、出国求法开始了他辉煌的一生。

玄奘于公元620xx年从长安出发,游学西域。经兰州、敦煌、高昌等地,取道吉尔吉斯、哈萨克斯坦、乌兹别克、阿富汗、巴基斯坦、尼泊尔等国。沿着“丝绸之路”,以惊人的毅力,闯“万死之地”,克服数不清的艰难险阻,前往佛国印度。漫漫西行取经路上,充满着险恶和无数的艰难险阻。但在玄奘面前,没有过不去的火焰山,没有过不了的通天河。在人迹罕至的沙漠孑然孤行。当水囊倾覆,五天四夜滴水未进,几度昏厥于沙丘,在这危险绝境面前,玄奘靠着“不至西天,不东归一步”的誓言和信念,绝处逢生,脱离险境。

经过整整3年的艰难跋涉和5万余里孤征,玄奘终于到达佛国圣地——天竺印度,如愿以偿地就学于著名的那烂陀寺。公元645年,玄奘西行取经归来,携带大量佛舍利、8尊佛像及657部佛经,载誉回国,受到唐太宗朝野及国人的隆重欢迎。抵达长安时,僧俗百万之众倾城出迎,盛况空前。公元648年,大慈恩寺初建落成,玄奘奉受太宗敕请,到大慈恩寺担任首任住持,继续翻经。他先后在长安弘福寺、慈恩寺、西明寺、铜川玉华宫等译场组织翻译历时20xx年,直到圆寂。

概括玄奘的翻译,有数量多、质量高、内容全和路子新4个显著特点。首先,玄奘无论从质量上或数量上,都远远超过前人。仅玄奘一人就译出1335卷佛经。由于玄奘译本准确可靠,而他所依据的原印度梵本散失很多,因之玄奘译本被视为 “准梵本”。由此才有了唐代佛教的鼎盛时期,以及许多海外高僧入唐求法的新局面。

我国的翻译从佛经翻译开始,而玄奘开创了我国佛教翻译史上的“新译”先河。玄奘是我国历史上著名的佛学家、翻译家、旅行家,同时又是一位对祖国无限忠贞的伟大爱国者。他还把中国古代重要的哲学著作《老子》等翻译成梵文传入印度,促进了中印文化的沟通与交流,奠定了两国人民的友好情谊。有一首诗高度概括了玄奘精神,并寄语今天的留学生和青少年。其诗曰:“雁塔曾将贝叶藏,千秋盛誉赞玄奘。不辞艰辛游天竺,取得真经返大唐。留学只缘图利国,求知理应做腾骧。诸君勿被香风醉,莫把他邦当故乡”。为继承和弘扬玄奘的爱国主义精神,大雁塔已被选定为爱国主义教育基地。

公元664年,玄奘在铜川玉华寺圆寂,唐高宗得知噩耗后,罢朝三日,失声痛哭说:“朕失国宝也,国失栋梁也!”玄藏灵柩运回京城,安置在慈恩寺翻经堂,京城道俗哀号动地,奔赴吊唁。在举行玄奘法师葬礼时,送葬者多达百万之众,当晚有3万多人露宿在墓旁,为玄奘守灵。人们对这位舍命求法,呕心沥血译经,生前辉煌一世,死后苇席裹尸的一代高僧表示了崇高的敬仰和悼念。这里已成为永远瞻仰玄奘、纪念玄奘的佛教圣地。

游客朋友们,大雁塔主景区参观就到这里。下来我们到北广场和东苑、西苑去参观。北广场是全亚洲最大的水景喷泉和唐代文化广场,东西两苑有别具特色的陕西民俗文化公园。

wild goose pagoda scenic area is a buddhist holy land, is the national aaaa level scenic area, and the tang dynasty monk xuan zang mages have close relations, tang's monk buddhist scriptures translated by the story is taking place. all buddhist temple, are monks worship buddha, proving, chanting dojo, and large temple, pagoda compared with other temple what is special about? monk as a cloud, ancient and modern, chinese and foreign monk countless, tang's monk xuan zang who? why the story of tang's monk scriptures widely circulated, today visited the scenic spot, will find answers to these questions. believe that everyone knows the story of "journey to the west" tang's monk scriptures? in this scenic spot, however, there is no "journey to the west" myth "tang's monk teacher", also can not find decline demon in addition to the magic of "sun wukong, pig eight quit, sand monk". but you will feel a living and true tang's monk xuan zang to obtain buddhist scriptures. xuan zang to say who? we say that he is an indomitable spirit of the chinese people, is a have feelings of the chinese national spirit and patriotism. he is a famous monk, taizong your respectful name he is "leader" of practice, the emperor tang said he is the crown of the "reality".

dear visitors, now we move to the south wild goose pagoda square. this big temple scenic area by the main scenic spot, the wild goose pagoda and the north and the south square, things of two yuan, covers an area of about 500 mu. at the center of the square stands a statue of tang's monk xuan zang to obtain buddhist scriptures tall statue. see his eaves, khmer, hand-held tin staff, with a firm pace, as if is travelling in the journey of the experiences of the west. behind him is that he pioneered jion cradle, is hosted by his translation of the temple, and he has built the wild goose pagoda.

xuan zang (602-664), common family name is chen yi, henan yanshi, have been super intelligent, industrious. 13 was abnormality admits, ranked in luoyang pureland temple tonsure a monk. xuan zang has toured the country ten yu sheng, visited more than 10 senior monk mingxian, learn the classic, end doctrine, reputation capital, is known as the "door shi wei and buddhist li colt." travel all over the country, after he review incomplete, buddhism was introduced into china since 600, a buddhist doctrinal differences, the status of the faction disputes. xuan zang in buddhist studies, buddhist scriptures the question of the article up to hundred. the origin - tianzhu country he was determined to buddhism, which is today's india, to explore the essence of buddhism aggregates, to solve the doubt, carry forward the dharma. he in 627 ad, the table together, apply for to print, not approved by the court. someone else have quit, but he refused, to don't change, and use three years before going abroad, from the buddhist studies, both material and spiritual aspects of language sanskrit and are fully prepared. hence illegal customs, namely illegal smuggling exit, the day fu night, go alone, began his hardships of india to obtain buddhist scriptures and legend. now, please continue to visit.

now we went to the temple, the temple of the main entrance is called the gate, also called three, respectively called gate, door, door, a symbol of the three free of buddhism. you see, the tablet is comrade jiang zemin personally inscribed on the door of "big temple" several characters of the shining. temple was founded in sui huang nine years (ad 589), the early name "no leakage temple". in 648 ad, the emperor tang li zhi make prince, commend to chase the ghost fu for his mother to build temple, so the name "temple". temple have to its parent after the prince li zhi built, also expressed his father emperor taizong miss weld the queen's wish. emperor taizong and de queen grew up loving, eternal friendship, at the age of 13 namely "wives by emperor taizong", emperor taizong account was only 17 years old at the time. emperor taizong acceded to the throne, made the queen. weld queen good upright, the tail from wagging the dog, strict in law already, she to datang shrines, avoid nepotism, she insisted that don't let his brother sons and nephews in court. for wei zheng, fang xuanling brave liangchen, but all about love. of the queen's sense of honor, just virtuous, become the tang dynasty heyday liangzuo beams. at last words also stressed that "no lights, waste thin death". so virtuous cheerful, it deserves to be a female politicians have courage, have heart. on the death of 33 queen, emperor taizong very grief, xiangjinchen confession: "i not know destiny but not of sadness, but no longer smell the suggestion of speech into the palace, a liangzuo, so can't forget the ear!" so big temple created, actual it is taizong blessing of the father and son to weld the queen, and after the tang dynasty to the generation of xian memorial.

big in the tang dynasty temple is located in the eastern half of chang an city jinchang fang, about 398 acres, a total of 1897 rooms, 300 monks, as one of the buddhist temple of changan grand scale. at the beginning of the temple was built, the court specially to meet please return from india to changan, is a hong fu temple by xuan zang as temple abbot attendance, big temple became the highest institution of higher learning and the flourishing of chinese buddhism. continuously by war after tang dynasty, the temple gradually deserted, experience and repair for many times, until 1446 ad, is laid the temple size today.

now the scope of the temple width of 160 meters, north and south long 318 meters, a total of 93 acres, the main building the temple, from south to north lined the entrance, drum tower, things peidian peidian, dharma scripture-stored tower, the wild goose pagoda and the monk xuan zang. things on both sides, respectively, the monastery, temple abbot yuan pipe, tube institute, etc.

we walked into the entrance, you can see on the second floor of the bell and drum, in the east tower suspension with a cast iron back "wild goose pagoda". casting in the clock l548 ad, cast with the clock back "wild goose pagoda" four strong characters, the wild goose pagoda mouth back from cause to enable to today, have been as great temple do instrument specifications, is bensi buddhist activities and the other part of the monks live. as buddhism large multiplier, morning bell is called his monks to make. the temple monks wenzhong every day, to smell drum but sleep. back when the dawn, the loud sounds of ding lacerate morning sunrise, wrap over south, a total of 3 array, each array 36 ring, struck a chord with 108 ring, said 108 kinds of renouncing earthly life troubles, prayer times peace, and all the peoples happiness, good harvest.

the west side of the drum tower hang a big drum, temple called mugu, to tap the drum tower, bell and drum are large multiplier for the monastery. things peidian peidian former east guanyin hall, now the guest room, west to hid in the house.

now we come to visit ursa major. high on the stage of ursa major for the center of the temple building, ursa plaques glittering, is the late president mr. at the beginning of the buddhist association of china book. incense before the prosperity, the main hall of the temple to worship the buddha within three body of buddha, for indicating the buddha which he covered the buddha, west for indicating the buddha luo that buddha, east to buddha shakyamuni buddha. buddha flanked by a disciple of the buddha, east to kasyapa, west to the difficult, on both sides and samantabhadra bodhisattva statues and like manjusri bodhisattva, are the ming dynasty sculpture, the symbol of truth and wisdom, respectively. double-box lined with other things, including xuan zang, 18 arhats, such arrangement is to the buddha's 16 their honour person with speaker friends celebrate, the translators were listed as 18 arhats, xuan zang for 18 arhats earlier arrangement in our country, there are other arrangement in the future. lohan is theravada buddhism, the highest realm of practice refers to eliminate all the troubles to enter nirvana, death and rebirth, no longer is a provider. ocean's three righteousness is: kill, cut off is greed, hatred, and delusion, etc. all the worry; should be for. should be by outsiders to support; not born, enter nirvana, forever no longer into the cycle of life and death. behind the hall of worship lord buddha plastic is standing on the top of the south china sea guanyin bodhisattva as as well as the bodhisattva, dragon lady, wooden fork 150 characters, and the good fortune the lad 53 and seek legal way story, lively and interesting, vivid display of the south china sea avalokitesvara putuo lo ng mountain dojo penglai fairyland.

on the west side of ursa walls inlaid with a few "wild goose pagoda title" tablet, wild goose pagoda title like this tablet in the scenic spot i have dozens of tong. "wild goose pagoda title" began in the tang dynasty, refers to the top of is in changan exceeded otherregions hejinshi, gathered wild goose pagoda, and wu ju cultural activities, on the small wild goose pagoda title jiajing nineteen years (1540), after having obtained title metropolitan examinations of shaanxi inscription is: "name the topic wild goose pagoda between heaven and earth first things first." after the tang dynasty poet bai juyi in a.d. 800 exceeded otherregions jinshi spring-and-autumn way: "jion tower under the title, 17 of the boy." implemented at the moment. said "poor meng fuzi" meng jiao, jinshi in only 46 years old, he spring-and-autumn yue: "old dirty not kua, debauchery is long, life is short. today percussion horseshoe disease, a day to see changan flowers." after he receive government degrees "" spring in his famous poem, become popular .

in the ancient capital of chang 'an activity is a continuation of more than one thousand years, wild goose pagoda title and title jinshi just continue to the tang dynasty. because each in each generation, since the tang dynasty chang 'an is no longer a capital city, but so do dungans followed a provinces after having obtained juren tang jinshi jas have title activity on the wild goose pagoda. he in the temples and the wild goose pagoda, is still a deposit of the ming and qing dynasties after having obtained juren title tablet in 73. in the jianfu temple, the small wild goose pagoda has also kept a wu ju title title 17 tong ming and qing dynasties, also known as the "wild goose pagoda title". because the size of wild goose pagoda emulate title in the tower, considerable tang tang dynasty life, then gradually formed as title wild goose pagoda, the small wild goose pagoda. these are historical data in the system of our country's scientific research.

north of the hall for the two-story dharma scripture-stored tower, the upper with xuan zang had translated books, the dharma, dedicated to a statue of amitabha buddha, is the ming dynasty bronze figure of buddha of fine gold. xuan zang consecrate buddha dharma is also on display, xuan zang institution and peek at base, round beita portraits, etc. round city ghost kingdom prince, by year after becoming a monk came to china, given up to xuan zang and door; snapshot of the base is xuan zang ambitions, this is the founding fathers weichi ready and nephew, every time go out with three car, so has the nickname "three monks". thus it can be seen at the time of xuan zang, fame and position.

now, at the foot of the people came to the wild goose pagoda, formerly known as temple of great wild goose pagoda futu. master xuan zang to keep from india brought back a large number of buddhist scriptures and the buddha sarira, in ad 652, the attached chart, approved by the court, in bensi west courtyard pagoda built five layer. each layer of all remaining sarira, a total of more than ten thousand grains. master xuan zang to attend a tower labor, carrying bricks, took two years to build.

as for the "wild goose pagoda" the name of the origin, the dialects. and xuan zang own compilation of the datang western region "described in the buddhist story of the most credible. in history, according to "the datang western xuan zang mahayana and theravada buddhism in early points two, mahayana precepts carnivorous, theravada don't quit. ancient indian magadha tuo state city, a king outside indra the mountain have a temple, the temple monks believe in theravada teaching, one day, at will, the monk hungry, not landing, lunch is complaining. there is a monk suddenly see a group of geese fly through the air, freely a joke: i've been waiting all the monk for many days without eating meat, if bodhisattvas have spirit, should know our difficulties! see the words sound just fell, the leading wild goose to fly back, arrived before the monk was broken wings fell down, and all the monks frightened, understand what is buddha to education them, the monk hurriedly bowed down, and buried the courts to the goose. built on a tower, named wild goose pagoda, to believe in mahayana from now on, no longer eat meat. this is the origin of the name of the wild goose pagoda. the word "wild goose pagoda" plus one "big" word, before it is due to architectural grandeur of the tower, the second is built in the jianfu temple tower is as known as the wild goose pagoda, to distinguish, hence respectively referred to as the wild goose pagoda and small wild goose pagoda. of buddhism in india, also went to join the ritual of the famous wild goose pagoda.

master xuan zang organization construction of the stupa in person, because of the brick surface soil, wind and rain erosion, gradually destroyed after more than 40 years. wu zetian changan years (ad 701-704) the empress wu zetian and tombs which adheres to give money to rebuild. hence converted into seven layers of the pagoda pagoda, said 7 class floor, more majestic earlier. people often say: "save people's life, made 7 class floor", almost.

one thousand years, has been of great wild goose pagoda is the symbol of the ancient city of xi 'an and landmark buildings. towering pagoda, a symbol of master xuan zang spirit of high quality and great personality.

a castle in the wild goose pagoda is a typical imitation wooden type 2-foot-tall tower, more well-known chinese and foreign with "personality" story. wild goose pagoda is composed of tower, tower, dacha lao, 64.7 meters, carved on the lintel frame has a line in the tang dynasty. four bar with fluency vivid shade is engraved line carve buddha, bodhisattva, king kong lux portrait. especially ximenmei line in characterization, the lecture is the buddha, look dignified kind, 30 honour bodhisattva poses of all stripes, lifelike. today we research building in tang dynasty, buddhist art and history and culture of precious materials.

embedded at the bottom of great wild goose pagoda south on both sides of the gate put the emperor taizong of the "tang monk san teaching sequence", and when the prince of the tang dynasty the emperor "tang monk san teaching sequence", two second "st" monument, all by the head of the secretariat (prime minister) book by b. like this both tablet inscription and the relative arrangement, left and right sides is symmetrical. set in pagodas, it is unique. engraved inscription and below are their elegant, dancing began flying dance lotte, scan "sequence" tablet musicians of instrument for wind, monuments, and "remember" instruments for string. so tianle dance is a buddhist fairyland.

some say wild goose pagoda san teaching sequence memorial tablet "quiet" two st. one is two st imperial emperor taizong account from - from "sequence", taizi li zhi from "remember" the name, the second is the experiences of xuan zang - praise xuan zang to obtain buddhist scriptures preach buddhism, the contents of three is everyone calligraphy calligraphy masterpieces of - b, four is in huang, changan solemn sacred big buddhist temple in the city. therefore this monument as a national treasure, the treasure of the name is more famous monuments.

now, we came to a layer in the wild goose pagoda. first look at the two stone tablets, on the wall on both sides is a xuan zang institution, one is translated by the figure xuan zang. the two tablet is the vivid reflection of xuan zang mage glorious life.

look at pillar hang four long, is by the emperor taizong, tang dynasty the emperor and the words of the master xuan zang.

first, from emperor taizong drive makes tang monk san teaching sequence, the effect is: master xuan zang is a buddhist leader, he risked his government rules and life, overcome all difficulties and obstacles and single ride of expedition alone, visited college, explore and study the buddhist scriptures, the buddhist truth widely carry forward, with the sun, with heaven and earth.

second picture: from tang dynasty the emperor drive makes big temple monument, the effect is: master xuan zang can be called is a crown of buddhism, the buddhist scriptures, reject, he make the buddha's light shining, to promote buddhism, he represents an era, he surpassed the xiyu buttocho, dove moro, zhudaosheng and shen this monk, master xuan zang's achievements and spirit is unprecedented, after.

the third picture means: create big temple in troublesome, and the capital translate sutras, i sincerely hope that the dharma hui flow to carry forward, settle can bless usually long, holy teaching to promote, illumination of chinese history, wisdom the feelings of the world can jian, fukuda, reflected in the buddha dharma forever.

the fourth picture means: we cherish esteeming mood, built a pagoda, with resettlement from the buddhist monk buddhist paradise to classical, magnificent pagoda thousand buddhas bless, and to pay close attention to; we also need to establish the monument, engraved two precious holy wrote inscriptions, stupa st mark will be with heaven and earth, stand in changan resort.

now we began to climb up the visit. please step light tower, pay attention to safety. is rich in every layer of display, respectively consecrate figure of buddha of fine gold of ming dynasty, the indian buddhist monk of the buddha sarira, display has buddha footprint stele, department of xuan zang in his later years of print consecrate buddha replica of stone, and xuan zang poems calligraphy, poetry, yu, qi baishi. the sixth layer suspension has several great poets in tang dynasty poetry calligraphy.

in the autumn of 752, when the wild goose pagoda to create the 100th anniversary of the poet du fu in conjunction with the ts 'en-ts 'an, cross, xue according to, chuguangxi five great poets, reach the wild goose pagoda, held a special poets gathering wild goose pagoda. they lean on, to see the pagoda wei, autumn scenery picturesque scene, inspired each poet's feelings and young. famous frontier fortress poet ts 'en-ts 'an cheerful poison sings: "potential wells such as tower, solitary towering temple. step into the world, pedal plate of vanity. four corners in the day, the seven layers of the sky. the glimpse into high bird, prone to present tte heard." everyone please du fu chanting songs, see his feelings, a poem, a appears once asking it, manhood, he sing a way: "high across the sky, heavy wind all. since the kuang, belonged to the philistines, we turn the sorrow. the seven stars in the north, west flow galaxy. xihe whip the day, and less haohang clear autumn. qinshan suddenly broken, there. looking down but, how can distinguishes the imperial state." these poems are rare song.

we got to the top of the stupa, i have a kind of "step into the world," superb wonderful feeling, all the trapped, the magnificent scenery of the ancient city of panoramic view, the ghost town.

tourists friends, let us now slowly down the tower, pay attention to safety. behind the monk xuan zang to continue to visit.

now, everybody came to the gate of monk xuan zang homes. is a set of imitation tang monk xuan zang court buildings, by then the great times hall, eastern hospital prajna hall, west courtyard bright hall, the research and it covers an area of 3224 square meters.

if you would like to ask: xi 'an big temple temple treasure? that is the parietal andother master xuan zang and buddha sarira, because xuan zang sarira and buddha sarira is a precious cultural relics.

tourists friends, great times in monk xuan zang homes don, honours xuan zang's statue and a parietal andother master xuan zang. xuan zang, meanwhile, the six other spirit has been spreading around the world, is a symbol of and spread the spirit of xuan zang, will work with the sun, with heaven and earth.

monk xuan zang hospital has nearly 400 square meters large murals, beautiful st reflects the buddhist circle and xuan zang's life story. from birth, becoming a monk xuan zang and abroad religion began his brilliant life.

xuan zang in 629 from changan, travel and study in the western regions. the lanzhou, dunhuang and gaochang, by way of kyrgyzstan, kazakhstan, uzbekistan, afghanistan, pakistan, nepal and other countries. along the "silk road", with amazing perseverance, through "account", overcome numerous difficulties and obstacles, to buddhist india. the experiences of long west road, full of dangerous and numerous difficulties and obstacles. but in front of xuan zang, could not the volcano, did not pass the tongtian river. in the most inaccessible desert orphan. when water sac capsized, five days and four nights into the water, a few degrees fainted in the dunes, in front of the dangerous corner, xuan zang by "not the west, not east to step" pledge and conviction, rescue, out of the woods yet.

trek through a full three years and more than 50000 in solitary, xuan zang buddhist holy land - tianzhu finally arrived in india, to learn from the famous temple of nalanda. back in 645 ad, xuan zang west scriptures and carries a lot of buddha sarira, 8 statue of buddha and buddhist scriptures, 657 have returned home, was welcomed by taizong in one's hand, and the people. arrived at changan, character, the whole city of millions of rushing out, pomp. in 648 ad, at the beginning of the great temple was built up, xuan zang to serve is too troublesome, please to the abbot temple served as the first, continue to turn. he successively in changan hong fu temple, temple, west temple, tongchuan yuhua palace and organized translation for 19 years, until he died.

sums up the translation of xuan zang, quantity, quality, contents and way new four distinctive features. first of all, no matter from quality or quantity, xuan zang is far more than the previous. xuan zang one person alone out 1335 rolls of buddhist scriptures. because of buddhism translation accurate and reliable, and he is based on the original indian fanben lost a lot, so translation is regarded as "quasi fanben" xuan zang. so just had the heyday of buddhism in the tang dynasty, as well as many overseas monk tang method to a new situation.

translation from buddhist scriptures translation in china, and xuan zang created the "new translation" on the evaluation of buddhism in china. xuan zang is the history of our country famous foxuegu, translator and traveller, and a great patriot of infinite loyal to the motherland. important philosophical works in ancient china in the "lao zi" and so on translated sanskrit into india, promoted the cultural communication and exchanges, and established the friendliness of the people of both countries. there are highly sums up the spirit of xuan zang, a poem and remarks today's students and young people. his poems yue: "wild goose pagoda hid bay leaf, and consent reputation xuan zang. to swim tianzhu, achieve true through datang. studying the beneficiaries of the good luck, tengxiang knowledge is supposed to do. don't be sweet wind drunk, you don't have his nations when home". to inherit and carry forward the spirit of patriotism, xuan zang wild goose pagoda has been designated as patriotism education bases.

died in 664 ad, xuan zang in tongchuan yuhua temple, tang after the emperor learned that news, in three days, "said crying:" i lost treasures, also the loss of beams also!" xuan zang coffin back to beijing, in temple oratory, city move to the common wail, condolences to the. in a master xuan zang funeral mourners up to millions of audiences, that night, more than 30000 people camped outside the tomb, for the corpse xuan zang. lay down his life for his people to the religion, taken by the translation, brilliant life, after death shroud of reed mat generation monk said the lofty respect and mourning. here has become a point of xuan zang, forever memory of xuan zang buddhism holy land.

tourists friends, often the main scenic spots to visit here. us to the north square and dong yuan, xiyuan to visit. north square is asia's largest water fountains and the tang dynasty culture square, something the two estates have distinctive shaanxi folk culture park.

最新雁塔区近期逮捕通告范文通用八

大理是中国唯一的白族自治州,是云南历史文化的最早发祥地之一.秦王朝把大理地区正式纳入统治的封建国家版图,汉王朝在这里设置郡县,唐代的南诏国和宋代的大理国在这里建国都,大理成为当时云南政治,经济,文化中心。大理古城是全国历史文化名城,有"献名邦","亚洲文化十字路口的古都"的美誉,是全国首批优秀旅游城市之一,荣获"最佳中国魅力城市"称号.悠久的历史及其灿烂的文化遗留下了众多的文物古迹.其中最负盛名的就是大理三塔,它以其悠久的历史,丰富的文化内涵及其独特的美学价值,于1961年被国务院例为第一批公布的全国重点文物保护单位,在众多游客的心目中,它是大理的象征,也是云南古代历史文化的象征.到了大理如果不游三塔,就不算游了大理.

大理三塔立在苍山之麓,洱海之畔.湖光山色把三塔打扮的分外妖娆,而三塔对持,金碧交辉,又把苍山洱海点缀得更加秀美.大理三塔就象美丽而多情的白族少女,以其

独特的卓越风姿,迎接着四面八方的游客.据载,大理三塔原是崇圣寺的一部分,如今寺院已在历代的战乱和灾害中毁坏,而三塔却历经千余年沧桑而保存了下来,这不能不说是一种历史的文化缘分.

三塔之中主塔又名千寻塔,建于唐代南诏国时期(公元836年),高69.13米,是16层方形密檐式空心砖塔,造型与西安小雁塔相似,为唐代典型的塔式之一----密檐式塔.说到这里,我们脑海里一定会浮现出我们所见过的一些形态各异的塔.大家知道塔按形式可以分为几种吗?还是让我来告诉大家吧!一般来说可分为4种:楼阁式,如西按大雁塔;密檐式,如西按小雁塔;覆钵式,如北京妙应寺白塔;金刚宝座塔,如北京真觉寺金刚宝座塔.听到这里,有人禁不住会问:西按的小雁塔,杭州的雷锋塔和大理千寻塔都是密檐式塔,它们又有什么不同之处呢?大理千寻塔高69.13米,而西安小雁塔仅高46米,如果把小雁塔比做苗条端庄的少女,那么在千寻塔面前也会黯然失色.杭州的雷峰塔建于宋代,只有5层,而大理千寻塔建于唐代,高16层,历史的久远和建造技法的高超无一不显示出大理三塔独特的魅力.尤其是明正德九年(公元1520xx年)大地震,千寻塔"裂二尺许,形如破竹",但"旬日复合";民国十四年(1920xx年)强地震,大理城十室九塌,而千寻塔仅塔刹震落,金鹏倒毁.这不能不说是奇迹.大家仔细看一定发现了塔前照壁上刻有"永镇山川"四字,字体苍劲有力,耐人寻味.为什么 千寻塔底座会有"永镇山川"四字呢?因为在历史上,大理是一个多水患的地方,"永镇山川"反映了当时修建三塔的一个重要原因是镇伏水患.同时,这四个字也体现了大理三塔的重要历史地位.顺便提一下,古往今来,塔的功能大致可以分为崇扬佛教,镇灾降邪,观赏三种.而千寻塔兼具三种功能于一身,具有教高的文化艺术价值....

千寻塔还在令我们叹为观止,分立在大塔之后的南北两小塔又引起了我们的注意.两小塔分立于大塔西南,西北两面,均距主塔70米,与主塔成等腰三角形.它们是五代时期大理国建造的,两小塔形制一样,均为10层,高42.4米,为八角形密檐式空心砖塔.三塔各据一方,形成三足鼎立之势.从远处看,三塔浑然一体,气势雄伟,具有古朴的白族民族风格.

这里我还要告诉大家三塔具有不同于内地塔的两个特点:一是三塔层数均为偶数,而内地塔多为奇数.二是中原塔由基座向上直线收缩,下大上小,呈矩梯形;而三塔上下较小,中部较大,外部轮廓呈曲线,具有曲线美,与中原塔相比更为挺拔俊秀.

大理三塔千百年来历经岁月的沧桑和风雨的洗礼,仍巍然屹立.成为研究大理国历史及文化的重要实物资料.在当时,大理国的白族居民就能建造高达69米堪称中国南方第一塔的千寻塔,无疑是一个历史的奇迹.千余年来千寻塔是如何建成的一直是一个谜.相传古时修建三塔,采用的是垫一层土修一层塔的方法,塔修好后,将土筑层挖去,让塔显现出来,故三塔的建造方法一直都有"堆土建塔"和"挖土现塔"之说.由此也不难想见,南诏时期的大理已经呈现出经济繁荣,文化异彩纷呈,民族团结的空前盛况.1978年,在对三塔进行大规模维修时,在千寻塔内发现了佛教文物600余件,其中有大量的佛像和写本佛经,还有一尊金质观音像,极为珍贵.这些发现,揭开了古代大理这个"佛国"的神秘面纱.据载,南诏时期云南境内有小寺三千,大寺八百.当时大理崇圣寺成为佛教活动中心,而大理也被称为"佛国","妙香国".透过三塔,我们不难想像佛教文化对大理的深刻影响.

三塔参观完了,我们可以到"钟震佛都"的钟楼和雨铜观音殿去看一看.此钟与三塔崇圣寺的镇寺之宝,筑于南诏建极十二年,惜已毁于清咸丰年间,现在这口巨大铜钟是为庆祝香港回归祖国,按南诏建极大钟旧制而新造的,高3.86米,口径2.138米,重16吨多.钟楼高19.97米,取香港1997年回归祖国之意.钟楼后面是雨铜观音殿,里面供奉着云南最大最高的室内观音像---雨铜观音.雨铜观音像原铸于南诏建极十三年,可惜文革时期被毁,重铸造的雨铜观音像依据清末遗寸照片精心复制,高8.6米,加上莲花座和须弥座总高12.6米.莲花座与观音像为铜像贴金,重11吨.造型如唐吴道子所绘细腰颇足观音像,又有大理地区男身女相的特点.

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